Why is the Elizabeth Tower (Big Ben) the Most Famous Feature of the Palace of Westminster in London?
The iconic Elizabeth Tower (formerly known as the Clock Tower) and its renowned bell, Big Ben, have long been synonymous with the heart of democracy and London’s rich cultural heritage. While the name 'Big Ben' is often used to refer to the entire tower, it strictly pertains to the 15.1-ton (13.7 metric ton) bell housed within. Beyond the bell, the vastness and distinctive design of the Elizabeth Tower have solidified its place as one of London's most recognizable sights.
A Historical Overview
The construction of the original Clock Tower began in 1843 as part of the Houses of Parliament's rebuilding project after the 1834 fire that destroyed the previous structure. Standing at a height of 96 meters (316 feet), the Elizabeth Tower has been a prominent feature of the London skyline since its completion in 1859. It is notable for being a Grade I listed building since 1970 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987, cementing its significance not just in the country but globally.
The Bell and the Chime
While the Bell, known as Big Ben, is undoubtedly a prominent feature, the fame of the Elizabeth Tower extends beyond just this large clock bell. The tower also houses four additional bells that chime the Westminster Chime every 15 minutes, played by the BBC and recognizable around the world. This distinctive sound, often referred to as "ding dong ding dong dong ding dong ding," is a cherished part of London's soundscape and a reminder of the city's rich heritage.
Why It’s Not Just 'Big Ben'
It is important to note that while the name 'Big Ben' is widely used, it is more accurate to refer to the entire structure as the Elizabeth Tower. Officially, the clock tower is named after Queen Elizabeth II, in celebration of her Diamond Jubilee in 2012. The tower houses not just the Great Bell but also four working carillon bells: the Sounder (1.27 tons), the Tenor (5.1 tons), the Quarter (4.4 tons), and the Treble (1.27 tons). When not being wrapped in scaffolding for maintenance, the Great Bell provides resounding hour chimes, maintaining its iconic status.
The Tower's Symbolism and Relevance
The Elizabeth Tower stands out for multiple reasons. Firstly, its height and the four massive clock faces make it a visual landmark easily visible from afar. Secondly, the bells and chimes add to the cultural and historical significance of the structure, making it a focal point for both tourists and locals. In modern times, the tower also serves as a symbol of British democracy, a concept that the nation values deeply.
From a practical perspective, the clock's accuracy is also renowned. It is part of the UK's Stronfield Time System, which provides standards for civil time. This ensures that millions of people across the country and the world rely on the precise timekeeping of the Elizabeth Tower, reinforcing its importance beyond mere aesthetics.
Conclusion
While the name 'Big Ben' may be a common reference, the Elizabeth Tower as a whole is the embodiment of London's rich history and cultural identity. It is not just a bell but a vast, imposing structure that serves as a reminder of the importance of democracy and timekeeping in the lives of millions. From its iconic clock faces to the Westminster Chime, the Elizabeth Tower continues to stand as a testament to the resilience and strength of British democracy.