Canada’s Choice to Remain Under British Rule: A Closer Look at Its Unique Path
Canada chose a different path than the United States when it came to breaking away from British rule. This decision, driven by a multitude of factors, ultimately shaped Canada into the nation we know today.
British Rule and the American Revolution
The relationship between Canada and the British Crown has its roots in the American Revolution. A significant portion of the Canadian population was composed of United Empire Loyalists (UELs) or their descendants. These individuals were residents of the thirteen colonies who remained loyal to the Crown and were forced to leave their homes during the revolution upon realizing the new rulers were not aligned with their interests. Their real property, in many cases, was expropriated, and they faced death threats. Despite these challenges, many chose to remain under British rule, thereby setting the foundation for the future of the region.
Government Reforms and Responses to Revolts
One of the primary reasons Canada did not break away from British rule like the United States did was due to the adept responses of the British Crown and the government of Canada, which represented their interests during most of the time. Several instances highlight this:
The 1837 Rebellions
The 1837 Rebellions, which started within days of each other, were primarily a result of the lack of "responsible government" and corrupt governance. In response, Great Britain swiftly created a new government system in 1840 that granted all local authority to the elected legislature, effectively addressing grievances and preventing further unrest.
The Red River Rebellion
The Red River Rebellion was a consequence of concerns among French-speaking settlers in what is now Manitoba. These settlers were given their voice through the establishment of a province in 1870, bringing them into the Canadian fold.
The North-West Rebellion
The North-West Rebellion was a reaction against the encroachment of the new railway on the territories of French speakers and First Nations. The Canadian government repeatedly engaged in negotiations and eventually entered into treaties with all affected First Nations, demonstrating their commitment to addressing local concerns.
The October Crisis
The October Crisis in Quebec, predominantly driven by English-speaking people dominating business in the province, led to a period of peaceful political separatism. The movement became more politically focused after the crisis, and in 1976, the separatist party won elections, leading to the passing of laws prohibiting English-only workplaces.
The Smarter Decision
One reason often cited for Canada’s decision to remain under British rule is the strategic advantage. Canada recognized the benefits of staying within the British Empire, including protection from American expansionism and access to international trade with nations they trusted.
Trusted Relationships and Economic Benefits
As loyalists, they understood the value of maintaining strong ties with the British monarchy. The British Empire offered security against the aggressive expansion of the United States and provided a platform for economic growth through trade and stable governance.
The Gentlemen’s Agreement
The decision to pursue independence peacefully and the subsequent granting of independence by the British Crown emphasize the gentlemanly approach taken by both parties.
Canadians, as gentlemen, requested independence, and the British granted it, thus ensuring a smooth transition and the preservation of the country’s identity and values.
In summary, Canada’s choice to remain under British rule, driven by strategic decisions and adept governance, shaped its unique path to modern nationhood, setting it apart from the tumultuous journey of the United States.