Why Jesus of Nazareth Instead of Jesus of Bethlehem?

In the biblical narrative, Jesus is born in Bethlehem, a small town in the West Bank. Despite this, He is widely known as 'Jesus of Nazareth'. Many people wonder, if He was born in Bethlehem, why He isn't called 'Jesus of Bethlehem' instead?

Background of Jesus' Birth

The journey of Mary and Joseph to Bethlehem is a significant narrative in Christian tradition. According to the Gospel of Luke, Mary and Joseph traveled to Bethlehem as a result of a Roman decree requiring a census of the Empire. Joseph, who was from Bethlehem, had to return there to register for the census.

Commonplace Traveling and Accommodation

Upon their arrival, Mary was ready to give birth in Bethlehem. However, due to the influx of people for the census, accommodations were scarce. It is said that they sought refuge in a stable, sharing space with animals. This practice of sleeping alongside animals was common until the 1800s, adding to the humble beginnings of the Savior.

Why ‘Jesus of Nazareth’?

Despite the birthplace, Jesus grew up and was known as 'Jesus of Nazareth'. Nazareth, another town in Galilee, became His home and the place where He spent most of His life. This raises an interesting question: Why is He not referred to as 'Jesus of Bethlehem' if that was His birthplace?

Community and Identity

The answer lies in the cultural and social identity of Jesus. Growing up in Nazareth, Jesus lived and carried out His teachings from there. His interactions, teachings, and followers were closely tied to Nazareth. Though He was born in Bethlehem, Nazareth became the center of His public ministry and adult life.

Prophecies and Historical Context

The tradition holds that Jesus was born in Bethlehem based on prophecies from the Bible. For example, Micah 5:2 states, 'But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient days.' However, it's important to note that the ruins claimed to be Nazareth are believed to be Roman and the town we recognize today is only about 200 years old.

Nazarite Priesthood

Jesus was not just a teacher or a prophet. He was also a Nazarite High Priest, a role significant in Jewish tradition. Nazarites were individuals who took a vow of separation from the normal ways of life, which included abstaining from alcohol, cutting hair, and avoiding defiling contact. Jesus, as a Nazarite priest, could not have his hair cut from birth, making him unique. This aspect of His life further integrates Him with the Jewish temple and rituals.

Conclusion

While Jesus was born in Bethlehem, He lived and ministered in Nazareth. His identity and ministry were deeply intertwined with Nazareth. Whether called 'Jesus of Nazareth' or 'Jesus of Bethlehem', both names carry unique historical and spiritual significance. The identity of Jesus and His significance as a Nazarite High Priest add layers to the complex and meaningful story of His life and teachings.